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1 novel Food
новые продукты питания
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[ http://www.eionet.europa.eu/gemet/alphabetic?langcode=en]EN
novel food
Genetically engineered foods. Novel foods, including those altered using biotechnology, should not differ 'significantly' from the foods they are to replace. Labels should not be misleading, but must make clear any differences between the novel food and its 'conventional' alternative, and must say how that difference was achieved. Foods containing a genetically modified living organism, such as a live yogurt made with an altered culture, would always be labelled. Any food whose modification might raise moral or health worries to consumers would also have to carry a label. This would include genes from an animal considered unclean by some religions, or from a plant that might cause allergic reactions. However, foods which, although made using novel methods, are identical to conventional foods, would not have to be labelled. (Source: MOND)
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Немецко-русский словарь нормативно-технической терминологии > novel Food
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2 Futterpflanze
кормовое растение
Растение, на котором возможно питание вредителя в одной из фаз его развития.
[ ГОСТ 21507-81]Тематики
Обобщающие термины
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фуражная культура
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[ http://www.eionet.europa.eu/gemet/alphabetic?langcode=en]EN
forage crop
Cultivation of crops for consumption by livestock. (Source: PHC)
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фуражная сельскохозяйственная культура
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[ http://www.eionet.europa.eu/gemet/alphabetic?langcode=en]EN
fodder plant
Plants used to feed livestock. (Source: AMHER)
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Немецко-русский словарь нормативно-технической терминологии > Futterpflanze
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3 Hauptfutterpflanze
основное кормовое растение
Кормовое растение, при питании которым обеспечивается нормальное развитие вредителя или одной из фаз его развития.
[ ГОСТ 21507-81]Тематики
Обобщающие термины
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Немецко-русский словарь нормативно-технической терминологии > Hauptfutterpflanze
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4 Pflanzengenetik
генетика растений
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[ http://www.eionet.europa.eu/gemet/alphabetic?langcode=en]EN
plant genetics
The scientific study of the hereditary material of plants for purposes such as hybridization, improved food resources and increased production. (Source: EEN)
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Немецко-русский словарь нормативно-технической терминологии > Pflanzengenetik
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5 Pflanze
растение
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[ http://www.eionet.europa.eu/gemet/alphabetic?langcode=en]EN
plant (biology)
Any living organism that typically synthesizes its food from inorganic substances, possesses cellulose cell walls, responds slowly and often permanently to a stimulus, lacks specialized sense organs and nervous system, and has no powers of locomotion. (Source: CED)
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Немецко-русский словарь нормативно-технической терминологии > Pflanze
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6 Roden und Verbrennen
- вырубка и сжигание леса как метод увеличения сельскохозяйственных площадей
вырубка и сжигание леса как метод увеличения сельскохозяйственных площадей
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[ http://www.eionet.europa.eu/gemet/alphabetic?langcode=en]EN
slash and burn culture
A traditional farming system that has been used by generations of farmers in tropical forests and the savannah of north and east Africa. It is known to be an ecologically sound form of cultivation, and because the soil is poor in tropical rain forests it is a sustainable method of farming. It is still practised today, primarily in the developing countries. Small areas of bush or forests are cleared and the smaller trees burned. This unlocks the nutrients in the vegetation and gives the soil fertilizer that is easily taken up by plants. A few years later the soil is degraded and the farmer moves on to do the same at another site. The original ground is left fallow for anything up to 20 years so that the forest can regenerate. With the growth in population and in the subsequent need for more farming land to produce food, the method is increasingly being used today to clear large areas of tropical forests for cattle ranching, and in most cases the ground is not left fallow for long enough and, with modern mechanized farming systems, not enough tree stumps or suitable habitats for plant life are left to start the regeneration process. (Source: WRIGHT)
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Немецко-русский словарь нормативно-технической терминологии > Roden und Verbrennen
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7 Pflanzenbefall
инвазия посевов сельскохозяйственных культур
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[ http://www.eionet.europa.eu/gemet/alphabetic?langcode=en]EN
infestation of crops
Invasion of crop by parasites. Among vertebrate animals, many crop pests are mammals, especially in the order of rodents and birds. Among invertebrates, certain species of gastropods and a large number of roundworms from the class of nematodes harm crops. The most varied and numerous species of crop pests are arthropods-insects, arachnids and some species of millipedes and crustaceans. Diseases vary from viral, bacterial, and nutritional to fungal, environmental and non-specific. The FAO has estimated that annual worldwide losses done by plant pests and diseases amount to approximately 20-25% of the potential worldwide yield of food crops. (Source: RRDA / WPR)
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Немецко-русский словарь нормативно-технической терминологии > Pflanzenbefall
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8 Mangrove
мангровый лес
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[ http://www.eionet.europa.eu/gemet/alphabetic?langcode=en]EN
mangrove
Plant communities and trees that inhabit tidal swamps, muddy silt, and sand banks at the mouths of rivers and other low-lying areas which are regularly inundated by the sea, but which are protected from strong waves and currents. Mangroves are the only woody species that will grow where the land is periodically flooded with sea water; individual species have adapted themselves to different tidal levels, to various degrees of salinity, and to the nature of the mud or soil. Mangrove swamps and thickets support hundreds of terrestrial, marine, and amphibian species; have a special role in supporting estuarine fisheries; provide shelter, refuge and food for many forms of wildlife. (Source: GILP96)
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Немецко-русский словарь нормативно-технической терминологии > Mangrove
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9 Samen
- семя (биол.)
семя (биол.)
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[ http://www.eionet.europa.eu/gemet/alphabetic?langcode=en]EN
seed (biology)
A mature fertilized plant ovule, consisting of an embryo and its food store surrounded by a protective seed coat (testa). (Source: CED)
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Немецко-русский словарь нормативно-технической терминологии > Samen
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10 Schabe
таракан
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[ http://www.eionet.europa.eu/gemet/alphabetic?langcode=en]EN
cockroach
The most primitive of the living winged insects. It is thought they have been unchanged for more than 300 million years, and are among the oldest fossil insects. Cockroaches are usually found in tropical climates, but a few species, out of the total 3.500 known species, have become pests. They are common household pests in many countries, imported by ship and carried home in grocery bags. Cockroaches eat plant and animal products, including food, paper, clothing and soiled hospital waste, fouling everything they touch with their droppings and unpleasant odour, to which many people are allergic. They are a major health hazard and carry harmful bacteria, protozoan parasites and faunal pathogens, including those that cause typhoid, leprosy and salmonella. Conventional insecticides make little or no impact on the cockroaches population. (Source: WRIGHT / WPR)
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Немецко-русский словарь нормативно-технической терминологии > Schabe
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11 Feuchtgebietökosystem
экосистема переувлажненных земель
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[ http://www.eionet.europa.eu/gemet/alphabetic?langcode=en]EN
wetlands ecosystem
Ecosystems of areas largely inundated with water but offering elevated lands as a habitat for wildlife. This areas include swamps, both seasonal and permanent, marsh, open fresh water, shallow saline lagoons, the estuaries of rivers, floodplains and coastal sand dunes. They provide food, breeding grounds, water and sanctuary for many forms of fish, birds and other animal and plant life. They are among the most productive ecosystems producing timber, peat moss and crops such as rice and a variety of berries. (Source: GILP96 / WRIGHT)
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Немецко-русский словарь нормативно-технической терминологии > Feuchtgebietökosystem
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